Motor and ESC, the Power Base of UAV drone - part 1

Quadcopter drone UAV power includes motor, ESC, propeller, power battery. Among them, the motor and ESC are the essential factors. Today, we'll simply popularize the basics about drone motors and ESCs to those who are fancy about drones or those who are not familiar with drones but are interested in them. By category, UAV's power can be divided into brush power and brushless power. That is, a brush motor with a brushed ESC, a brushless motor with a brushless ESC.

1. Motor

Brush Motor: Early motor let the carbon brush touch the copper head so that the motor can be scrolled. However, after high-speed rolling, it will bring the carbon brush wear, therefore, carbon brush needs to be replaced quite often. At the same time, the copper head will wear too, so in the era of brush motor, the contestants in addition to replace the carbon brush, they also need to polish the copper head, so that the copper head will keep lubricating.

Brushless motors: Brushless motors come into being due to the inconvenience of brush motors, so basically, the drone quadcopter nowadays is the brushless motor quadcopter. The principle of a brushless motor is that the coil around the stator, and then the rotor made of magnets, rolling the magnet, not the coil, so there is no carbon brush consumable. Since the coil is fixed, then how to make the coil changes the magnetic field? Brushless ESC offers the coil group corresponding power supply to generate the corresponding magnetic field driving the magnet on and on. So the brushless motor needs to corporate with the brushless motor esc. Some brushless motor ESCs have safe power function. So regardless of the throttle stick in any position, the motor will not start immediately. And with the Throttle Calibration function, it adapts to different remote throttle travel difference, improves throttle response linearity, with a smooth, delicate feel and excellent speed linear speed.

Summary: Whether the quadcopter motor is the brushless motor or the brush motor, the fundamental principle is to generate a magnetic field through the coil and then deploy a permanent magnet to drive the rotor to roll.